The Turkish-Russian relationship has improved considerably since a period of tensions and near proxy-war in Syria after Turkey downed a Russian SU-24 bomber in November 2015. Turkey’s deal to purchase the Russian S-400, a long-range air and missile defense system can be regarded as the latest big strategic/military cum economic activity since the attack. This rapprochement was followed by the completion of talks on two infrastructure projects in the energy sector – the Turk Stream pipeline and a Russian-built, owned and operated nuclear reactor in southern Turkey. The post-jet crisis period during which Russia stood by the Turkish President during a botched coup attempt in July of 2016; the Russian ambassador in Ankara was murdered in plain sight of exhibition visitors and Iran-Russia-Turkey initiated the Astana Process to bring stability in Syria the total volume of trade in commodities between the two countries has significantly increased. Russian tourist arrivals in Turkey has returned to their pre-crisis levels. The two countries’ reaffirmed desire to expand their bilateral economic engagements particularly in the defense sector have raised concerns in the West.